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fission-ai__openspec/openspec/changes/add-zod-validation/design.md

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# Design: Zod Validation Framework
## Architecture Decisions
### Validation Levels
Three-tier validation system:
1. **ERROR**: Structural issues that prevent parsing (must fix)
2. **WARNING**: Quality issues that should be addressed (recommended fix)
3. **INFO**: Suggestions for improvement (optional)
**Rationale:**
- Gradual enforcement allows teams to adopt validation incrementally
- CI/CD can fail on errors but allow warnings initially
- Info level provides guidance without blocking
### Validation Rules Hierarchy
#### Spec Validation Rules
```
ERROR level:
- Missing ## Overview or ## Requirements sections
- Invalid heading hierarchy
- Malformed requirement/scenario structure
WARNING level:
- Requirements without scenarios
- Requirements missing SHALL keyword
- Empty overview section
INFO level:
- Very long requirement text (>500 chars)
- Scenarios without Given/When/Then structure
```
#### Change Validation Rules
```
ERROR level:
- Missing ## Why or ## What Changes sections
- Invalid delta operation types
- Malformed delta structure
WARNING level:
- Why section too brief (<50 chars)
- Deltas without clear descriptions
- Missing requirements in ADDED/MODIFIED
INFO level:
- Very long why section (>1000 chars)
- Too many deltas in single change (>10)
```
### Strict Mode
- **Default**: Show all levels, fail on ERROR only
- **--strict flag**: Fail on both ERROR and WARNING
- **Use case**: Gradual quality improvement in CI/CD pipelines
### Archive Command Safety
**Problem:** Invalid specs could be archived, polluting the archive.
**Solution:**
1. Pre-archive validation (default behavior)
2. --no-validate flag with safeguards:
- Interactive confirmation prompt
- Prominent warning message
- Console logging with timestamp
- Not recommended for CI/CD usage
**Rationale:**
- Protect archive integrity by default
- Allow emergency overrides with accountability
- Clear audit trail for validation bypasses
### Validation Report Format
```json
{
"valid": boolean,
"issues": [
{
"level": "ERROR" | "WARNING" | "INFO",
"path": "requirements[0].scenarios",
"message": "Requirement must have at least one scenario",
"line": 15,
"column": 0
}
],
"summary": {
"errors": 2,
"warnings": 5,
"info": 3
}
}
```
**Benefits:**
- Machine-readable for tooling integration
- Human-friendly messages
- Line/column info for IDE integration
- Summary for quick assessment
### Implementation Strategy
1. **Zod schemas with refinements**: Built-in validation in type definitions
2. **Custom validators**: Additional business logic validation
3. **Composable rules**: Mix and match for different contexts
4. **Extensible framework**: Easy to add new rules without refactoring