diff --git a/api/apps/restful_apis/dataset_api.py b/api/apps/restful_apis/dataset_api.py
index 701c7340b7..55ded90e02 100644
--- a/api/apps/restful_apis/dataset_api.py
+++ b/api/apps/restful_apis/dataset_api.py
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ from peewee import OperationalError
 from quart import request
 from common.constants import RetCode
 from api.apps import login_required, current_user
-from api.utils.api_utils import get_error_argument_result, get_error_data_result, get_result, add_tenant_id_to_kwargs
+from api.utils.api_utils import get_error_argument_result, get_error_data_result, get_json_result, get_result, add_tenant_id_to_kwargs
 from api.utils.validation_utils import (
     CreateDatasetReq,
     DeleteDatasetReq,
@@ -653,6 +653,26 @@ async def run_embedding(tenant_id, dataset_id):
         return get_error_data_result(message="Internal server error")
 
 
+@manager.route("/datasets/<dataset_id>/embedding/check", methods=["POST"])  # noqa: F821
+@login_required
+@add_tenant_id_to_kwargs
+async def check_embedding(tenant_id, dataset_id):
+    try:
+        req = await request.get_json()
+        if not req or not req.get("embd_id"):
+            return get_error_data_result(message="`embd_id` is required.")
+        status, result = dataset_api_service.check_embedding(dataset_id, tenant_id, req)
+        if status is True:
+            return get_result(data=result)
+        elif status == "not_effective":
+            return get_json_result(code=result["code"], message=result["message"], data=result["data"])
+        else:
+            return get_error_data_result(message=result)
+    except Exception as e:
+        logging.exception(e)
+        return get_error_data_result(message="Internal server error")
+
+
 @manager.route("/datasets/<dataset_id>/ingestions", methods=["GET"])  # noqa: F821
 @login_required
 @add_tenant_id_to_kwargs
diff --git a/api/apps/services/dataset_api_service.py b/api/apps/services/dataset_api_service.py
index 795e42b7b8..9e49596539 100644
--- a/api/apps/services/dataset_api_service.py
+++ b/api/apps/services/dataset_api_service.py
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@
 import logging
 import json
 import os
+import re
 from common.constants import PAGERANK_FLD
 from common import settings
 from api.db.db_models import File
@@ -306,8 +307,6 @@ async def update_dataset(tenant_id: str, dataset_id: str, req: dict):
     if "embd_id" in req:
         if not req["embd_id"]:
             req["embd_id"] = kb.embd_id
-        if kb.chunk_num != 0 and req["embd_id"] != kb.embd_id:
-            return False, f"When chunk_num ({kb.chunk_num}) > 0, embedding_model must remain {kb.embd_id}"
         ok, err = verify_embedding_availability(req["embd_id"], tenant_id)
         if not ok:
             return False, err
@@ -1053,6 +1052,209 @@ async def search(dataset_id: str, tenant_id: str, req: dict):
     return True, ranks
 
 
+def check_embedding(dataset_id: str, tenant_id: str, req: dict):
+    """
+    Check embedding model compatibility by sampling random chunks,
+    re-embedding them with the new model, and computing cosine similarity.
+
+    :param dataset_id: dataset ID
+    :param tenant_id: tenant ID
+    :param req: request body with embd_id
+    :return: (success, result) or (success, error_message)
+    """
+    import random
+
+    import numpy as np
+    from common.constants import RetCode
+    from common.doc_store.doc_store_base import OrderByExpr
+    from rag.nlp import search
+
+    from api.db.joint_services.tenant_model_service import (
+        get_model_config_by_type_and_name,
+    )
+    from api.db.services.llm_service import LLMBundle
+    from common.constants import LLMType
+
+    def _guess_vec_field(src: dict):
+        for k in src or {}:
+            if k.endswith("_vec"):
+                return k
+        return None
+
+    def _as_float_vec(v):
+        if v is None:
+            return []
+        if isinstance(v, str):
+            return [float(x) for x in v.split("\t") if x != ""]
+        if isinstance(v, (list, tuple, np.ndarray)):
+            return [float(x) for x in v]
+        return []
+
+    def _to_1d(x):
+        a = np.asarray(x, dtype=np.float32)
+        return a.reshape(-1)
+
+    def _cos_sim(a, b, eps=1e-12):
+        a = _to_1d(a)
+        b = _to_1d(b)
+        na = np.linalg.norm(a)
+        nb = np.linalg.norm(b)
+        if na < eps or nb < eps:
+            return 0.0
+        return float(np.dot(a, b) / (na * nb))
+
+    def sample_random_chunks_with_vectors(
+        docStoreConn,
+        tenant_id: str,
+        kb_id: str,
+        n: int = 5,
+        base_fields=("docnm_kwd", "doc_id", "content_with_weight", "page_num_int", "position_int", "top_int"),
+    ):
+        index_nm = search.index_name(tenant_id)
+
+        res0 = docStoreConn.search(
+            select_fields=[], highlight_fields=[],
+            condition={"kb_id": kb_id, "available_int": 1},
+            match_expressions=[], order_by=OrderByExpr(),
+            offset=0, limit=1,
+            index_names=index_nm, knowledgebase_ids=[kb_id],
+        )
+        total = docStoreConn.get_total(res0)
+        if total <= 0:
+            return []
+
+        n = min(n, total)
+        offsets = sorted(random.sample(range(min(total, 1000)), n))
+        out = []
+
+        for off in offsets:
+            res1 = docStoreConn.search(
+                select_fields=list(base_fields),
+                highlight_fields=[],
+                condition={"kb_id": kb_id, "available_int": 1},
+                match_expressions=[], order_by=OrderByExpr(),
+                offset=off, limit=1,
+                index_names=index_nm, knowledgebase_ids=[kb_id],
+            )
+            ids = docStoreConn.get_doc_ids(res1)
+            if not ids:
+                continue
+
+            cid = ids[0]
+            full_doc = docStoreConn.get(cid, index_nm, [kb_id]) or {}
+            vec_field = _guess_vec_field(full_doc)
+            vec = _as_float_vec(full_doc.get(vec_field))
+
+            out.append({
+                "chunk_id": cid,
+                "kb_id": kb_id,
+                "doc_id": full_doc.get("doc_id"),
+                "doc_name": full_doc.get("docnm_kwd"),
+                "vector_field": vec_field,
+                "vector_dim": len(vec),
+                "vector": vec,
+                "page_num_int": full_doc.get("page_num_int"),
+                "position_int": full_doc.get("position_int"),
+                "top_int": full_doc.get("top_int"),
+                "content_with_weight": full_doc.get("content_with_weight") or "",
+                "question_kwd": full_doc.get("question_kwd") or [],
+            })
+        return out
+
+    def _clean(s: str):
+        return re.sub(r"</?(table|td|caption|tr|th)( [^<>]{0,12})?>", " ", s or "").strip()
+
+    if not dataset_id:
+        return False, 'Lack of "Dataset ID"'
+
+    if not KnowledgebaseService.accessible(dataset_id, tenant_id):
+        return False, "No authorization."
+
+    ok, kb = KnowledgebaseService.get_by_id(dataset_id)
+    if not ok:
+        return False, "Invalid Dataset ID"
+
+    embd_id = req.get("embd_id", "")
+    if not embd_id:
+        return False, "`embd_id` is required."
+
+    logging.info("check_embedding: dataset=%s tenant=%s embd_id=%s", dataset_id, tenant_id, embd_id)
+
+    ok, err = verify_embedding_availability(embd_id, tenant_id)
+    if not ok:
+        return False, err
+
+    embd_model_config = get_model_config_by_type_and_name(kb.tenant_id, LLMType.EMBEDDING, embd_id)
+    emb_mdl = LLMBundle(kb.tenant_id, embd_model_config)
+
+    n = int(req.get("check_num", 5))
+    samples = sample_random_chunks_with_vectors(settings.docStoreConn, tenant_id=kb.tenant_id, kb_id=dataset_id, n=n)
+    logging.info("check_embedding: dataset=%s sampled=%d chunks", dataset_id, len(samples))
+
+    results, eff_sims = [], []
+    mode = "content_only"
+    for ck in samples:
+        title = ck.get("doc_name") or "Title"
+
+        txt_in = "\n".join(ck.get("question_kwd") or []) or ck.get("content_with_weight") or ""
+        txt_in = _clean(txt_in)
+        if not txt_in:
+            results.append({"chunk_id": ck["chunk_id"], "reason": "no_text"})
+            continue
+
+        if not ck.get("vector"):
+            results.append({"chunk_id": ck["chunk_id"], "reason": "no_stored_vector"})
+            continue
+
+        try:
+            v, _ = emb_mdl.encode([title, txt_in])
+            assert len(v[1]) == len(ck["vector"]), (
+                f"The dimension ({len(v[1])}) of given embedding model is different from the original ({len(ck['vector'])})"
+            )
+            sim_content = _cos_sim(v[1], ck["vector"])
+            title_w = 0.1
+            qv_mix = title_w * v[0] + (1 - title_w) * v[1]
+            sim_mix = _cos_sim(qv_mix, ck["vector"])
+            sim = sim_content
+            mode = "content_only"
+            if sim_mix > sim:
+                sim = sim_mix
+                mode = "title+content"
+        except Exception as e:
+            return False, f"Embedding failure. {e}"
+
+        eff_sims.append(sim)
+        results.append({
+            "chunk_id": ck["chunk_id"],
+            "doc_id": ck["doc_id"],
+            "doc_name": ck["doc_name"],
+            "vector_field": ck["vector_field"],
+            "vector_dim": ck["vector_dim"],
+            "cos_sim": round(sim, 6),
+        })
+
+    summary = {
+        "kb_id": dataset_id,
+        "model": embd_id,
+        "sampled": len(samples),
+        "valid": len(eff_sims),
+        "avg_cos_sim": round(float(np.mean(eff_sims)) if eff_sims else 0.0, 6),
+        "min_cos_sim": round(float(np.min(eff_sims)) if eff_sims else 0.0, 6),
+        "max_cos_sim": round(float(np.max(eff_sims)) if eff_sims else 0.0, 6),
+        "match_mode": mode,
+    }
+
+    data = {"summary": summary, "results": results}
+    if not eff_sims:
+        logging.warning("check_embedding: dataset=%s no comparable chunks", dataset_id)
+        return False, "No embedded chunks are available to compare."
+    if summary["avg_cos_sim"] >= 0.9:
+        logging.info("check_embedding: dataset=%s compatible avg_cos_sim=%s valid=%d", dataset_id, summary["avg_cos_sim"], len(eff_sims))
+        return True, data
+    logging.warning("check_embedding: dataset=%s not_effective avg_cos_sim=%s valid=%d", dataset_id, summary["avg_cos_sim"], len(eff_sims))
+    return "not_effective", {"code": RetCode.NOT_EFFECTIVE, "message": "Embedding model switch failed: the average similarity between old and new vectors is below 0.9, indicating incompatible vector spaces.", "data": data}
+
+
 async def search_datasets(tenant_id: str, req: dict):
     """
     Search (retrieval test) across multiple datasets.
diff --git a/test/testcases/test_http_api/test_dataset_management/test_update_dataset.py b/test/testcases/test_http_api/test_dataset_management/test_update_dataset.py
index 58885a5395..0847a181c1 100644
--- a/test/testcases/test_http_api/test_dataset_management/test_update_dataset.py
+++ b/test/testcases/test_http_api/test_dataset_management/test_update_dataset.py
@@ -291,7 +291,7 @@ class TestDatasetUpdate:
 
     @pytest.mark.p1
     def test_embedding_model_with_existing_chunks(self, HttpApiAuth, add_chunks):
-        """Guard: embedding_model cannot change when dataset has chunks (chunk_count > 0)."""
+        """Embedding model can be changed even when dataset has chunks (chunk_count > 0)."""
         dataset_id, _, _ = add_chunks
 
         res = list_datasets(HttpApiAuth, {"id": dataset_id})
@@ -306,12 +306,7 @@ class TestDatasetUpdate:
 
         payload = {"embedding_model": new_embedding}
         res = update_dataset(HttpApiAuth, dataset_id, payload)
-        assert res["code"] == 102, res
-        expected_message = (
-            f"When chunk_num ({dataset['chunk_count']}) > 0, "
-            f"embedding_model must remain {current_embedding}"
-        )
-        assert res["message"] == expected_message, res
+        assert res["code"] == 0, res
 
     @pytest.mark.p2
     @pytest.mark.parametrize(
diff --git a/test/testcases/test_web_api/test_dataset_management/test_dataset_sdk_routes_unit.py b/test/testcases/test_web_api/test_dataset_management/test_dataset_sdk_routes_unit.py
index b69abb0c59..2311eb22dc 100644
--- a/test/testcases/test_web_api/test_dataset_management/test_dataset_sdk_routes_unit.py
+++ b/test/testcases/test_web_api/test_dataset_management/test_dataset_sdk_routes_unit.py
@@ -548,10 +548,11 @@ def test_update_route_branch_matrix_unit(monkeypatch):
 
     kb_chunked = _KB(kb_id="kb-1", name="old", chunk_num=2, embd_id="embd-1")
     monkeypatch.setattr(module.KnowledgebaseService, "get_or_none", lambda **kwargs: kb_chunked if kwargs.get("id") else None)
+    monkeypatch.setattr(module.KnowledgebaseService, "update_by_id", lambda *_args, **_kwargs: True)
     req_state.clear()
     req_state.update({"embd_id": "embd-2"})
     res = _run(inspect.unwrap(module.update)("tenant-1", "kb-1"))
-    assert "chunk_num" in res["message"], res
+    assert res["code"] == module.RetCode.SUCCESS, res
 
     kb_rank = _KB(kb_id="kb-1", name="old", pagerank=0)
     monkeypatch.setattr(module.KnowledgebaseService, "get_or_none", lambda **kwargs: kb_rank if kwargs.get("id") else None)
diff --git a/web/src/utils/api.ts b/web/src/utils/api.ts
index 7c6307bc42..fbde70b7fc 100644
--- a/web/src/utils/api.ts
+++ b/web/src/utils/api.ts
@@ -58,7 +58,7 @@ export default {
   // knowledge base
 
   checkEmbedding: (datasetId: string) =>
-    `${restAPIv1}/datasets/${datasetId}/embedding`,
+    `${restAPIv1}/datasets/${datasetId}/embedding/check`,
   kbList: `${restAPIv1}/datasets`,
   createKb: `${restAPIv1}/datasets`,
   updateKb: (datasetId: string) => `${restAPIv1}/datasets/${datasetId}`,