diff --git a/deepdoc/vision/recognizer.py b/deepdoc/vision/recognizer.py
index dcb7af4708..7324da5dc4 100644
--- a/deepdoc/vision/recognizer.py
+++ b/deepdoc/vision/recognizer.py
@@ -238,6 +238,13 @@ class Recognizer:
         for i, b in enumerate(boxes):
             if box.get("layoutno", "0") != b.get("layoutno", "0"):
                 continue
+            # layoutno is f"table-{index}" and resets per page, so the same string
+            # names a different table on every page. Only accept a candidate that
+            # shares vertical extent with the box; top/bottom are page-cumulative,
+            # so this rejects a same-layoutno column from another page whose x range
+            # happens to be closer.
+            if min(box["bottom"], b["bottom"]) <= max(box["top"], b["top"]):
+                continue
             dis = min(abs(box["x0"] - b["x0"]), abs(box["x1"] - b["x1"]), abs(box["x0"] + box["x1"] - b["x1"] - b["x0"]) / 2)
             if dis < min_dis:
                 min_i = i
diff --git a/test/unit_test/deepdoc/vision/test_recognizer_column_fit.py b/test/unit_test/deepdoc/vision/test_recognizer_column_fit.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..45890cc9ad
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/unit_test/deepdoc/vision/test_recognizer_column_fit.py
@@ -0,0 +1,169 @@
+#
+#  Copyright 2026 The InfiniFlow Authors. All Rights Reserved.
+#
+#  Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+#  you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+#  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+#  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+#  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+#  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+#  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+#  limitations under the License.
+#
+"""Regression tests for ``Recognizer.find_horizontally_tightest_fit`` in
+``deepdoc/vision/recognizer.py``.
+
+Issue: infiniflow/ragflow#17199.
+
+Table columns are matched to a cell by ``find_horizontally_tightest_fit``,
+which filtered candidates by ``layoutno`` only. ``layoutno`` is
+``f"table-{page_table_index}"`` (see ``deepdoc/parser/pdf_parser.py`` where it
+is assigned) and the index resets on every page, so ``"table-0"`` names a
+different table on each page. ``clmns`` at the call site spans the whole
+document, so a cell on page N could bind to a same-index column from page 1
+whenever that column's x range happened to be horizontally closer, producing a
+wrong column count / broken cell coordinates for multi-page multi-table PDFs.
+
+The fix adds a vertical-extent guard: a candidate is only considered when it
+shares vertical span with the box. ``top``/``bottom`` are page-cumulative at
+this point (``page_cum_height`` is added to both cells and columns), so this
+also rejects any same-``layoutno`` candidate that lives on a different page.
+
+These tests exercise the real ``Recognizer.find_horizontally_tightest_fit``
+(not a re-implementation), loaded from source with the module's heavy runtime
+dependencies stubbed.
+"""
+
+import importlib.util
+import os
+import sys
+from types import ModuleType
+
+import pytest
+
+# Project-internal / heavy modules that recognizer.py imports at module load
+# time. find_horizontally_tightest_fit itself uses none of them, so an empty
+# stub is enough to import the module. The fixture snapshots and restores each
+# entry so neighbouring tests never receive a stub in place of the real module.
+_STUB_MODULE_NAMES = (
+    "cv2",
+    "common",
+    "common.file_utils",
+    "deepdoc",
+    "deepdoc.vision",
+    "deepdoc.vision.operators",
+    "deepdoc.vision.ocr",
+)
+
+
+@pytest.fixture
+def recognizer_module():
+    project_root = os.path.abspath(os.path.join(os.path.dirname(__file__), "..", "..", "..", ".."))
+
+    snapshot = {name: sys.modules.get(name) for name in _STUB_MODULE_NAMES}
+
+    def _stub(name, **attrs):
+        module = ModuleType(name)
+        for key, value in attrs.items():
+            setattr(module, key, value)
+        sys.modules[name] = module
+        return module
+
+    _stub("cv2")
+    common = _stub("common")
+    common.__path__ = [os.path.join(project_root, "common")]
+    _stub("common.file_utils", get_project_base_directory=lambda: project_root)
+    deepdoc = _stub("deepdoc")
+    deepdoc.__path__ = [os.path.join(project_root, "deepdoc")]
+    vision = _stub("deepdoc.vision")
+    vision.__path__ = [os.path.join(project_root, "deepdoc", "vision")]
+    # recognizer does `from .operators import *`, `from . import operators`
+    # and `from .ocr import load_model`; supply just those names.
+    _stub("deepdoc.vision.operators", preprocess=lambda *a, **k: None)
+    _stub("deepdoc.vision.ocr", load_model=lambda *a, **k: None)
+
+    recognizer_path = os.path.join(project_root, "deepdoc", "vision", "recognizer.py")
+    spec = importlib.util.spec_from_file_location("deepdoc.vision.recognizer", recognizer_path)
+    module = importlib.util.module_from_spec(spec)
+    sys.modules["deepdoc.vision.recognizer"] = module
+    spec.loader.exec_module(module)
+
+    try:
+        yield module
+    finally:
+        sys.modules.pop("deepdoc.vision.recognizer", None)
+        for name in _STUB_MODULE_NAMES:
+            if snapshot[name] is None:
+                sys.modules.pop(name, None)
+            else:
+                sys.modules[name] = snapshot[name]
+
+
+def _column(layoutno, x0, x1, top, bottom):
+    return {"layoutno": layoutno, "x0": x0, "x1": x1, "top": top, "bottom": bottom}
+
+
+def test_column_fit_does_not_bind_across_pages(recognizer_module):
+    """Regression for #17199.
+
+    A cell on page 2 must not bind to a page-1 column that merely shares the
+    reset ``layoutno`` ``"table-0"`` and happens to be horizontally closer.
+
+    Page coordinates are cumulative, so page-2 content sits below the page-1
+    band. ``clmns`` here mixes both pages, as it does at the real call site.
+    """
+    Recognizer = recognizer_module.Recognizer
+
+    # Page 2 cell: page height is ~1000, so its cumulative top/bottom are >1000.
+    box = {"layoutno": "table-0", "x0": 100.0, "x1": 200.0, "top": 1050.0, "bottom": 1080.0}
+    clmns = [
+        # index 0: page-1 column, same layoutno, x range closer to the box.
+        _column("table-0", 101.0, 201.0, 50.0, 90.0),
+        # index 1: page-2 column, the correct match (same page), slightly farther.
+        _column("table-0", 110.0, 210.0, 1000.0, 1100.0),
+    ]
+
+    assert Recognizer.find_horizontally_tightest_fit(box, clmns) == 1
+
+
+def test_column_fit_still_picks_closest_within_same_page(recognizer_module):
+    """The guard must not change intra-page selection: among columns that share
+    the cell's page/vertical band, the horizontally tightest one still wins.
+    """
+    Recognizer = recognizer_module.Recognizer
+
+    box = {"layoutno": "table-0", "x0": 100.0, "x1": 150.0, "top": 210.0, "bottom": 240.0}
+    clmns = [
+        _column("table-0", 10.0, 60.0, 200.0, 270.0),  # far left
+        _column("table-0", 98.0, 152.0, 200.0, 270.0),  # closest, same band
+        _column("table-0", 300.0, 360.0, 200.0, 270.0),  # far right
+    ]
+
+    assert Recognizer.find_horizontally_tightest_fit(box, clmns) == 1
+
+
+def test_column_fit_returns_none_when_only_candidate_is_on_another_page(recognizer_module):
+    """If the only same-``layoutno`` candidate is on a different page, no column
+    is assigned rather than a wrong one.
+    """
+    Recognizer = recognizer_module.Recognizer
+
+    box = {"layoutno": "table-0", "x0": 100.0, "x1": 200.0, "top": 1050.0, "bottom": 1080.0}
+    clmns = [_column("table-0", 100.0, 200.0, 50.0, 90.0)]  # page 1 only
+
+    assert Recognizer.find_horizontally_tightest_fit(box, clmns) is None
+
+
+def test_column_fit_still_filters_by_layoutno(recognizer_module):
+    """A candidate on the same page but a different table (different layoutno)
+    is still excluded, as before.
+    """
+    Recognizer = recognizer_module.Recognizer
+
+    box = {"layoutno": "table-0", "x0": 100.0, "x1": 200.0, "top": 210.0, "bottom": 240.0}
+    clmns = [_column("table-1", 100.0, 200.0, 200.0, 270.0)]  # same page, other table
+
+    assert Recognizer.find_horizontally_tightest_fit(box, clmns) is None