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on-page.md

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+# On-Page SEO Traps
+
+## Title Tag
+- 50-60 chars MAX — Google truncates at ~60, shows "..." which hurts CTR
+- Primary keyword in first 30 chars — attention drops after that
+- NEVER repeat same keyword twice in title — looks spammy
+- Brand name at END, not start — unless brand is the search term
+- Pipe `|` or dash `-` as separator — avoid colons, look like error messages
+
+## Meta Description
+- 150-160 chars — longer gets truncated, shorter wastes space
+- Google often rewrites it — but well-written ones used ~70% of time
+- Include primary keyword — gets bolded in search results
+- Call-to-action works: "Learn how...", "Discover...", "Get started..."
+- NEVER duplicate across pages — Google may show "no description available"
+
+## Headers
+- ONE H1 per page — multiple H1s confuse hierarchy
+- H1 ≠ Title tag — related but different, doubles keyword opportunities
+- H2s for main sections, H3s for subsections — hierarchy matters for featured snippets
+- Keyword variations in H2s — don't repeat exact primary keyword
+- NEVER use H1 for logo or nav — semantic misuse
+
+## Keywords
+- Primary keyword in: title, H1, first 100 words, URL, meta description
+- Density under 3% — modern Google detects stuffing patterns
+- LSI keywords (related terms) — signals topic depth, not just single keyword
+- Long-tail in H2/H3 — captures "how to..." and question queries
+
+## Images
+- Alt text describes image — "Golden retriever playing fetch" not "dog"
+- Keyword in alt only if natural — forced keywords get penalized
+- File names with hyphens: `email-marketing-tips.jpg` not `IMG_4532.jpg`
+- Compress under 100KB — larger images kill page speed
+- WebP format: 25-35% smaller than JPEG at same quality
+- Lazy loading for below-fold images — improves LCP
+
+## URLs
+- Short, descriptive, lowercase: `/seo-guide/` not `/page?id=123`
+- Hyphens between words: `/email-marketing/` not `/emailmarketing/`
+- No dates unless content is time-sensitive — allows evergreen updates
+- No stop words unless needed for clarity — "how-to-seo" not "how-to-do-seo"
+- NEVER change URLs without 301 redirect — breaks links, loses authority