dotnet__skills/CONTRIBUTING.md

Contributing

Thanks for your interest in contributing. We expect to accept external contributions, but the bar for merging is intentionally high.

This repository contains shared building blocks for coding agents:

• Skills: reusable, task focused instruction packs
• Agents: role based configurations that bundle tool expectations and skill selection

Because these artifacts can affect many users and workflows, we prioritize correctness, clarity, and long term maintainability over speed.

Code ownership

Every plugin, skill, and agent must have designated owners in the .github/CODEOWNERS file. When you add a new skill or agent, add a matching CODEOWNERS entry. Ownership must be either:

• Two or more FTE GitHub aliases (e.g., @user1 @user2), or
• A GitHub team alias (e.g., @dotnet/my-team)

This ensures that every contribution area has accountable reviewers and that PRs are automatically routed to the right people.

Repository layout

plugins/
  <plugin>/
    plugin.json
    skills/
      <skill-name>/
        SKILL.md
        scripts/
        references/
        assets/
    agents/
      <agent-name>.agent.md
tests/
  <plugin>/
    <skill-name>/
      eval.yaml
      <fixture files>

Every plugin must have a plugin.json file in the plugin root that is linked to from the marketplace.json file.

Plugin organization

Skills are grouped into domain-specific plugins. When proposing a new skill, place it in the plugin that best matches its domain. See README.md for the current list of plugins. If your skill does not fit any existing plugin, consider creating a new one.

To create a new plugin:

1. Add plugins/<plugin-name>/plugin.json and a skills/ directory beneath it.
2. Add a matching entry in .github/plugin/marketplace.json, .claude-plugin/marketplace.json, .cursor-plugin/marketplace.json, and .agents/plugins/marketplace.json. Keep plugin entries consistent across all marketplace manifests (including plugins[].source format) to reduce drift and make future updates safer. Also add a plugins/<plugin-name>/version.json (copy an existing one) so the plugin participates in automated versioning. Start its plugin.json version at 0.1.0.
3. Add a CODEOWNERS entry for the new plugin and its tests (see Code ownership).
4. Add the plugin to the What's Included table in the root README.md.
5. Create a tests/<plugin-name>/ directory for skill tests.

See existing plugins for the expected format.

The dotnet-experimental plugin

Use dotnet-experimental when you want to try out a skill idea but are not yet confident it belongs in a stable plugin — for example, when the skill is outside your usual area of responsibility, the approach is unproven, or you want community feedback before committing to a long-term home.

Skills in dotnet-experimental:

• May change, be reworked, or be removed without notice.
• Are held to the same quality and testing standards as any other skill (frontmatter, eval.yaml, etc.).
• Should eventually graduate to a stable plugin or be retired. When a skill has proven itself, move it to the appropriate domain plugin and update tests accordingly.

Place experimental skills under plugins/dotnet-experimental/skills/ with matching tests in tests/dotnet-experimental/.

Plugin versioning

Each plugin is versioned independently. The same version is duplicated across every manifest a consumer reads: plugins/<plugin>/plugin.json and plugins/<plugin>/.codex-plugin/plugin.json (both present for every plugin), plus an optional plugins/<plugin>/.claude-plugin/plugin.json that only plugins needing an inline Claude manifest carry (e.g. dotnet-msbuild's binlog MCP server). Consumers (Copilot CLI, Claude, Codex, Cursor) read the version directly from this repository.

Versioning is automated with Nerdbank.GitVersioning. A per-plugin plugins/<plugin>/version.json scopes the git height to that plugin's subtree, so the patch number is derived from history — you do not edit it by hand. The generated manifests (plugin.json, .codex-plugin/plugin.json, and .claude-plugin/plugin.json where present) and version.json itself are excluded from that height via the pathFilters, so editing only manifest metadata (anything other than a deliberate base bump in version.json) does not change the patch number and is not picked up by /version-bump or the weekly sync. Touch a skill or other plugin content to bump the version.

What this means when you contribute:

• Every plugin carries its own plugins/<plugin>/version.json. It declares the plugin's version base; the weekly sync fails fast if a plugin ships a plugin.json without one, so none is ever left unversioned.
• Don't hand-edit the version field in any of the manifests (plugin.json, .codex-plugin/plugin.json, or .claude-plugin/plugin.json). The patch number is computed and stamped automatically, and a manual edit will be overwritten.
• The only version field you may change is the base ("version") in plugins/<plugin>/version.json, and only to declare a deliberate minor or major release of that plugin (e.g. 0.1 → 0.2 or 1.0). Changing the base resets the patch number to 0.
• After a PR changes a plugin's content, bumping its version is optional:
  • A maintainer can comment /version-bump on a same-repo PR to stamp the new version onto the branch.
  • Otherwise the weekly version sync opens a PR that stamps any plugin whose content changed without a version bump, explaining each change. Nothing is ever missed.

Patch numbers are predicted from git history, so two PRs bumped concurrently can land the same patch number for a plugin; the weekly sync recomputes the authoritative height on main and reconciles any collision. Version-only changes do not trigger skill evaluations.

Before you start

• Search existing issues and pull requests to avoid duplicates.
• Start with an issue before you submit a pull request for a new skill, a new agent, or any non trivial change. This helps us align on scope and avoids wasted work.
• Small fixes like typos, broken links, or clearly isolated corrections can go straight to a pull request.
• Keep changes small and focused. One skill or one agent per pull request is a good default.

What we look for

We are most likely to accept contributions that are:

• Addresses a LLM gap and is clearly motivated by a real use case
• Likely to be used frequently and is general (not repo-specific)
• Narrow in scope and easy to review
• Tool conscious and explicit about assumptions
• Verifiable with concrete validation steps
• Written to be durable across repo changes

We are less likely to accept contributions that:

• Add broad frameworks, meta tooling, or large reorganizations
• Duplicate guidance that already exists in another skill
• Encode private environment details, credentials, or company specific secrets
• Depend on proprietary tools or access that most contributors will not have
• Skills that make use of third party tools will be evaluated on a case by case basis. Acceptance of such skills will depend on our evaluation of the provenance and maturity of any such tools.

Proposing a new skill

Please review the What we look for section and add justification for the skill in your issue and PR.

A skill should be self-contained and:

• Clearly state what it does and when to use it.
• Frontmatter (name and description) is small and minimal, just enough for LLM to understand when to use it
• Keep the SKILL.md body under 500 lines for optimal performance. Split content into separate files when you approach this limit. Use a progressive disclosure pattern, referring to those files from the SKILL.md file where needed.
• Specify required inputs (repo context, environment, access needs).
• Prefer concrete checklists and verification steps over vague guidance.

Create a new folder under a plugin's skills/ directory:

plugins/<plugin>/skills/<skill-name>/SKILL.md

A skill should answer three questions up front:

1. What outcome does the skill produce
2. When should an agent use it
3. How does the agent validate success

Skill naming

Use short, kebab-case names that mirror how developers naturally phrase the task, prioritizing keyword overlap over grammar — e.g., add-aspnet-auth, configure-jwt-auth, setup-identity-server. Optionally using gerund style (verb-ing) is acceptable as well - e.g., configuring-caching.

Optimize for intent matching: lead with the action verb users actually say (add, configure, setup, deploy) followed the outcome the skill is aiming to assist.

The SKILL.md is required to have front-matter at a minimum:

Create the file with required YAML frontmatter:

---
name: <skill-name>
description: <description of what the skill does, when to use it, and when not to use it>
---

Tip: The description field is used by the agent runtime to decide whether to load the full skill. Include when to use and when not to use guidance directly in the description so the agent can select or skip skills without reading the entire SKILL.md. This avoids unnecessary token usage. See thread-abort-migration/SKILL.md for a good example.

Recommended SKILL.md sections

• Purpose: one paragraph describing the outcome.
• When to use / When not to use (put the essentials in the frontmatter description; expand here only if more detail is needed).
• Inputs: what the agent needs (files, commands, permissions).
• Workflow: numbered steps with checkpoints.
• Validation: how to confirm the result (tests, linters, manual checks).
• Common pitfalls: known traps and how to avoid them.

Skill checklist

Include a SKILL.md that covers:

• Purpose and non goals
• When to use and when not to use (summarized in the frontmatter description; body section for extended detail)
• Inputs and prerequisites
• Step by step workflow with checkpoints
• Validation steps that can be run or observed
• Failure modes and recovery guidance

Also:

• Avoid duplicating text across multiple skills. Prefer referencing shared patterns.
• Do not include content copied from other repositories. If you are inspired by existing work, rewrite in your own words and adapt it to our conventions.

Proposing a new agent

An agent definition should be opinionated but bounded:

• Describe the role (e.g., "WinForms Expert", "Security Reviewer", "Docs Maintainer").
• Define boundaries (what the agent should not do).
• List the skills it expects to use and how it chooses among them.

Add an agent file under a plugin's agents/ directory:

plugins/<plugin>/agents/<agent-name>.agent.md

Agent checklist

Include documentation that explains:

• Role and intended tasks
• Boundaries and safety constraints
• Tooling assumptions
• How the agent chooses which skills to apply
• What a good completion looks like, including validation expectations

Testing and validation

Skills and agents are documentation driven, but we still treat them as production assets.

• Every change should include a validation section that a reviewer can follow.
• If your change references commands, keep them cross platform when practical. If not, state the supported environment.
• If your change depends on external services, document how a reviewer can validate without privileged access, or explain why validation is not possible.

Writing skill tests

Each skill should have an eval.yaml file that defines test scenarios. Tests live under the repo root tests/ directory, matching the plugin and skill name:

tests/<plugin>/<skill-name>/eval.yaml

A minimal eval file:

scenarios:
  - name: "Describe what the agent should do"
    prompt: "The prompt sent to the agent"
    assertions:
      - type: "output_contains"
        value: "expected text in agent output"
    rubric:
      - "The agent correctly identified the issue"
      - "The agent suggested a concrete fix"
    timeout: 120

See the skill-validator README for the full eval.yaml format — assertion types, setup options, fixture files, constraints, and rubric details.

Running tests locally

Prerequisites: the .NET SDK version specified by global.json (or a newer compatible SDK) and gh auth login.

# Run tests for a single plugin
dotnet run --project eng/skill-validator/src/SkillValidator.csproj -- evaluate --tests-dir tests/dotnet-msbuild plugins/dotnet-msbuild/skills

# Run tests for a single skill (pass the skill directory directly)
dotnet run --project eng/skill-validator/src/SkillValidator.csproj -- evaluate --tests-dir tests/dotnet-msbuild plugins/dotnet-msbuild/skills/common-build-errors

See the skill-validator README for additional flags (--runs, --model, --verbose, etc.) and all available subcommands.

Warning

If you share the results in a Pull Request, make sure to have --runs configured to at least 3 but better 5 for reliable results.

CI evaluation

Tests run automatically on pull requests that modify files under plugins/. The evaluation workflow discovers changed plugins and runs the skill-validator for each one. Results are posted as a PR comment and uploaded as build artifacts.

If a scenario fails or regresses, see Investigating Results for how to download artifacts, interpret results.json, and diagnose common failure patterns.

Writing style

• Be concise and specific.
• Prefer numbered steps for workflows.
• Prefer checklists for requirements.
• Define terminology the first time it appears.
• Avoid excessive formatting and avoid clever wording that could be misread by an agent.

Security and safety

• Do not include secrets, tokens, or internal URLs.
• If you discover a security issue, do not open a public issue with sensitive details. Use the repository or organization security reporting process instead.

External references

Skills often reference external tools, documentation, and projects — this is expected and welcome, including community and third-party resources. To help reviewers stay aware of external dependencies, the repository includes an automated reference scanner (integrated into skill-validator check) that runs in CI against plugin content (SKILL.md, agent files, and reference docs).

The scanner treats all of the following as CI-blocking errors:

• http:// URLs where https:// should be used
• <script> tags loading external resources without an integrity (SRI) attribute
• Pipe-to-shell patterns (curl ... | bash)
• URLs pointing to domains not listed in eng/known-domains.txt

Community tools and third-party projects are evaluated on a case-by-case basis (see "What we look for" above). If your skill references a new external domain, add it to eng/known-domains.txt in the same PR — the reviewer will approve it alongside the skill content.

Review process

Maintainers may request changes for:

• Clarity and unambiguous instructions
• Reduced scope
• More explicit validation
• Compatibility with multiple agent runtimes
• Consistency with existing conventions

We may close pull requests that are out of scope or too large to review. If that happens, we are happy to suggest a smaller path forward.

Licensing and provenance

Only submit content that you have the right to contribute.

• Do not include copyrighted text from other projects.
• You may be asked to confirm that your contribution is original or appropriately licensed.

Getting help

If you are unsure where a change belongs or how to structure a skill or agent, open an issue describing:

• The user problem
• The proposed outcome
• A small example of the desired behavior

If you're not sure whether something belongs under skills/ or agents/, a good rule of thumb is:

• Put reusable task playbooks in skills/.
• Put role + operating model in agents/.

Quality bar

Skills and agents in this repo should be:

• Actionable: the agent can follow them without guesswork.
• Minimal: no extra features or scope creep; focus on the task.
• Verifiable: always include a way to validate success.
• Tool-conscious: don't assume capabilities that might not exist in every runtime.

Skill-Validator & Evaluation workflow

Changes to eng/skill-validator or the .github/workflows/evaluation*.yml workflows must be made from a branch in the dotnet/skills repository (i.e., not from a fork). This is a security measure. For pull requests from forks, the evaluation workflow (triggered via /evaluate) always uses the workflow YAML from the default branch of dotnet/skills and builds the validator from that default-branch checkout, so any changes to these files in the forked PR will be ignored during evaluation.