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copilotkit__copilotkit/sdk-python/tests/test_copilotkit_lg_middleware.py
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Python

"""Behavior tests for ``CopilotKitMiddleware``.
The contract these tests pin down (independent of how the middleware is
implemented internally — we only assert on what the model/handler observes
and what state updates the middleware emits):
* Frontend tools listed in ``state["copilotkit"]["actions"]`` show up alongside
the agent's own tools when the model is called. When there are no frontend
tools the request reaches the model unchanged.
* App context from ``state["copilotkit"]["context"]`` (or ``runtime.context``)
becomes a ``SystemMessage`` containing ``"App Context:\\n<json>"``. Empty
context is a no-op. Re-running ``before_agent`` does not duplicate the note.
* ``after_model`` peels frontend tool calls off the last AIMessage so the
ToolNode does not try to execute them; ``after_agent`` re-attaches them
before the run ends.
* The ``expose_state`` opt-in surfaces user state into ``request.system_message``
as a ``"Current agent state:"`` note. Default is off; reserved internal
keys, underscore-prefixed keys, and empty values are filtered out; an
allowlist forces an explicit subset; any existing system message is kept
and the note appended to it.
* The Bedrock checkpoint normalizer drops orphan tool calls and dedupes
ToolMessages that share a ``tool_call_id``.
"""
from __future__ import annotations
import asyncio
import json
from typing import Any
from unittest.mock import MagicMock
import pytest
from langchain_core.messages import (
AIMessage,
HumanMessage,
SystemMessage,
ToolMessage,
)
from langchain.agents.middleware import ModelRequest
from copilotkit.copilotkit_lg_middleware import CopilotKitMiddleware
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Helpers
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
def _make_request(
*,
state: dict[str, Any] | None = None,
tools: list[Any] | None = None,
system_message: SystemMessage | None = None,
messages: list[Any] | None = None,
) -> ModelRequest:
"""Build a ModelRequest with sensible defaults for testing."""
return ModelRequest(
model=MagicMock(name="model"),
messages=messages if messages is not None else [],
system_message=system_message,
tools=tools if tools is not None else [],
state=state if state is not None else {"messages": []},
runtime=MagicMock(name="runtime"),
)
class _CapturingHandler:
"""Records the request handed to the model wrapper."""
def __init__(self) -> None:
self.received: ModelRequest | None = None
def __call__(self, request: ModelRequest) -> str:
self.received = request
return "model-response"
def _run_wrap(middleware: CopilotKitMiddleware, request: ModelRequest):
"""Invoke the sync wrap_model_call with a capturing handler."""
handler = _CapturingHandler()
result = middleware.wrap_model_call(request, handler)
assert handler.received is not None, "handler must be called"
return handler.received, result
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Frontend-tool injection
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
def test_no_frontend_tools_passes_request_through_unchanged():
middleware = CopilotKitMiddleware()
backend_tool = {"name": "backend_tool"}
request = _make_request(state={"messages": []}, tools=[backend_tool])
seen, _ = _run_wrap(middleware, request)
assert seen.tools == [backend_tool]
def test_frontend_tools_appended_to_existing_tools():
middleware = CopilotKitMiddleware()
backend_tool = {"name": "backend_tool"}
fe_tools = [{"name": "fe_one"}, {"name": "fe_two"}]
request = _make_request(
state={"messages": [], "copilotkit": {"actions": fe_tools}},
tools=[backend_tool],
)
seen, _ = _run_wrap(middleware, request)
seen_names = [t["name"] for t in seen.tools]
assert "backend_tool" in seen_names
assert seen_names.count("fe_one") == 1
assert seen_names.count("fe_two") == 1
def test_frontend_tools_merge_does_not_mutate_input_request():
middleware = CopilotKitMiddleware()
request = _make_request(
state={"messages": [], "copilotkit": {"actions": [{"name": "fe"}]}},
tools=[{"name": "backend"}],
)
_run_wrap(middleware, request)
# The override(...) contract is to return a fresh request — the original
# tools list must not have grown.
assert [t["name"] for t in request.tools] == ["backend"]
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
# expose_state — opt-in state surfacing
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
def test_expose_state_default_is_off():
middleware = CopilotKitMiddleware()
request = _make_request(state={"messages": [], "liked": ["a", "b"]})
seen, _ = _run_wrap(middleware, request)
assert seen.system_message is None
def test_expose_state_true_surfaces_user_keys_into_system_message():
middleware = CopilotKitMiddleware(expose_state=True)
request = _make_request(state={"messages": [], "liked": ["a", "b"]})
seen, _ = _run_wrap(middleware, request)
assert seen.system_message is not None
body = seen.system_message.content
assert isinstance(body, str)
assert "Current agent state:" in body
assert '"liked"' in body
assert '"a"' in body
assert '"b"' in body
def test_expose_state_true_skips_reserved_internal_keys():
middleware = CopilotKitMiddleware(expose_state=True)
request = _make_request(
state={
"messages": [HumanMessage("hi")],
"tools": [{"name": "x"}],
"copilotkit": {"actions": []},
"structured_response": {"foo": "bar"},
"thread_id": "t-1",
"remaining_steps": 5,
"ag-ui": {"context": []},
"liked": ["a"],
}
)
seen, _ = _run_wrap(middleware, request)
body = seen.system_message.content if seen.system_message else ""
# Only the user key escapes the reserved filter.
assert '"liked"' in body
for reserved in (
"messages",
"tools",
"copilotkit",
"structured_response",
"thread_id",
"remaining_steps",
"ag-ui",
):
assert f'"{reserved}"' not in body, f"reserved key {reserved} leaked"
def test_expose_state_true_skips_underscore_prefixed_keys():
middleware = CopilotKitMiddleware(expose_state=True)
request = _make_request(
state={"messages": [], "_internal": {"secret": 1}, "visible": "ok"}
)
seen, _ = _run_wrap(middleware, request)
body = seen.system_message.content if seen.system_message else ""
assert '"_internal"' not in body
assert '"visible"' in body
@pytest.mark.parametrize("empty_value", [None, "", [], {}])
def test_expose_state_skips_empty_values(empty_value):
middleware = CopilotKitMiddleware(expose_state=True)
request = _make_request(
state={"messages": [], "filled": ["x"], "blank": empty_value}
)
seen, _ = _run_wrap(middleware, request)
if seen.system_message is None:
# Acceptable: nothing left to surface after dropping the empty key.
return
body = seen.system_message.content
assert '"filled"' in body
assert '"blank"' not in body
def test_expose_state_no_message_when_only_reserved_keys_present():
middleware = CopilotKitMiddleware(expose_state=True)
request = _make_request(state={"messages": [HumanMessage("hi")], "tools": []})
seen, _ = _run_wrap(middleware, request)
assert seen.system_message is None
def test_expose_state_allowlist_only_includes_named_keys():
middleware = CopilotKitMiddleware(expose_state=["liked"])
request = _make_request(
state={"messages": [], "liked": ["a"], "todos": [{"id": 1}], "other": "x"}
)
seen, _ = _run_wrap(middleware, request)
body = seen.system_message.content if seen.system_message else ""
assert '"liked"' in body
assert '"todos"' not in body
assert '"other"' not in body
def test_expose_state_allowlist_can_override_reserved_keys():
"""If the user explicitly lists a reserved key, honor their intent."""
middleware = CopilotKitMiddleware(expose_state=["thread_id"])
request = _make_request(state={"messages": [], "thread_id": "t-42"})
seen, _ = _run_wrap(middleware, request)
body = seen.system_message.content if seen.system_message else ""
assert "t-42" in body
def test_expose_state_appends_to_existing_system_message():
middleware = CopilotKitMiddleware(expose_state=True)
request = _make_request(
state={"messages": [], "liked": ["a"]},
system_message=SystemMessage(content="You are a helpful assistant."),
)
seen, _ = _run_wrap(middleware, request)
body = seen.system_message.content
assert isinstance(body, str)
assert "You are a helpful assistant." in body
assert "Current agent state:" in body
# Ordering: original prompt comes first, note follows.
assert body.index("You are a helpful assistant.") < body.index(
"Current agent state:"
)
def test_expose_state_false_explicitly_keeps_state_hidden():
middleware = CopilotKitMiddleware(expose_state=False)
request = _make_request(
state={"messages": [], "liked": ["a"]},
system_message=SystemMessage(content="base"),
)
seen, _ = _run_wrap(middleware, request)
assert seen.system_message is not None
assert seen.system_message.content == "base"
def test_expose_state_emits_valid_json_payload():
"""The 'Current agent state:' body parses cleanly as JSON."""
middleware = CopilotKitMiddleware(expose_state=True)
state = {"messages": [], "liked": ["a", "b"], "count": 3, "nested": {"k": "v"}}
request = _make_request(state=state)
seen, _ = _run_wrap(middleware, request)
body = seen.system_message.content
json_part = body.split("Current agent state:\n", 1)[1]
parsed = json.loads(json_part)
assert parsed == {"liked": ["a", "b"], "count": 3, "nested": {"k": "v"}}
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Async wrapper parity
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
def test_async_wrap_mirrors_sync_behavior_for_state_and_tools():
"""The async path applies the same state/tool augmentations as the sync one."""
middleware = CopilotKitMiddleware(expose_state=True)
request = _make_request(
state={
"messages": [],
"copilotkit": {"actions": [{"name": "fe"}]},
"liked": ["a"],
},
tools=[{"name": "backend"}],
)
received: dict[str, ModelRequest] = {}
async def handler(req: ModelRequest):
received["req"] = req
return "ok"
async def go():
return await middleware.awrap_model_call(request, handler)
result = asyncio.run(go())
seen = received["req"]
assert result == "ok"
assert {t["name"] for t in seen.tools} == {"backend", "fe"}
assert seen.system_message is not None
assert "Current agent state:" in seen.system_message.content
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
# before_agent — App Context injection
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
def _system_contents(messages: list[Any]) -> list[str]:
return [
m.content if isinstance(m.content, str) else str(m.content)
for m in messages
if isinstance(m, SystemMessage)
]
def test_before_agent_no_context_returns_no_update():
middleware = CopilotKitMiddleware()
state = {"messages": [HumanMessage("hi")], "copilotkit": {}}
runtime = MagicMock(name="runtime", context=None)
result = middleware.before_agent(state, runtime)
assert result is None
def test_before_agent_injects_app_context_system_message():
middleware = CopilotKitMiddleware()
state = {
"messages": [HumanMessage("hi")],
"copilotkit": {"context": [{"description": "viewer role", "value": "admin"}]},
}
runtime = MagicMock(name="runtime", context=None)
result = middleware.before_agent(state, runtime)
assert result is not None
sys_contents = _system_contents(result["messages"])
assert any("App Context:" in s for s in sys_contents)
assert any("admin" in s for s in sys_contents)
def test_before_agent_idempotent_does_not_duplicate_context():
middleware = CopilotKitMiddleware()
state = {
"messages": [HumanMessage("hi")],
"copilotkit": {"context": [{"description": "k", "value": "v"}]},
}
runtime = MagicMock(name="runtime", context=None)
first = middleware.before_agent(state, runtime) or state
second = middleware.before_agent(first, runtime) or first
sys_messages = [m for m in second["messages"] if isinstance(m, SystemMessage)]
app_context_messages = [
m
for m in sys_messages
if isinstance(m.content, str) and m.content.startswith("App Context:")
]
assert len(app_context_messages) == 1
def test_before_agent_uses_runtime_context_when_state_context_empty():
middleware = CopilotKitMiddleware()
state = {"messages": [HumanMessage("hi")], "copilotkit": {}}
runtime = MagicMock(name="runtime", context="route=/dashboard")
result = middleware.before_agent(state, runtime)
assert result is not None
sys_contents = _system_contents(result["messages"])
assert any("/dashboard" in s for s in sys_contents)
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
# after_model — frontend tool-call interception
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
def test_after_model_no_frontend_tools_is_noop():
middleware = CopilotKitMiddleware()
state = {
"messages": [
HumanMessage("hi"),
AIMessage(
content="",
tool_calls=[{"id": "1", "name": "backend_only", "args": {}}],
),
],
"copilotkit": {"actions": []},
}
runtime = MagicMock(name="runtime")
assert middleware.after_model(state, runtime) is None
def test_after_model_intercepts_frontend_tool_calls_and_leaves_backend_alone():
middleware = CopilotKitMiddleware()
fe_tool = {"function": {"name": "navigate"}}
backend_call = {"id": "1", "name": "backend_search", "args": {"q": "hi"}}
frontend_call = {"id": "2", "name": "navigate", "args": {"path": "/x"}}
ai = AIMessage(
content="",
tool_calls=[backend_call, frontend_call],
id="ai-1",
)
state = {
"messages": [HumanMessage("hi"), ai],
"copilotkit": {"actions": [fe_tool]},
}
runtime = MagicMock(name="runtime")
result = middleware.after_model(state, runtime)
assert result is not None
last = result["messages"][-1]
assert isinstance(last, AIMessage)
assert [tc["name"] for tc in last.tool_calls] == ["backend_search"]
intercepted = result["copilotkit"]["intercepted_tool_calls"]
assert len(intercepted) == 1
assert intercepted[0]["id"] == "2"
assert intercepted[0]["name"] == "navigate"
assert intercepted[0]["args"] == {"path": "/x"}
assert result["copilotkit"]["original_ai_message_id"] == "ai-1"
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
# after_agent — frontend tool-call restoration
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
def test_after_agent_no_intercepted_returns_no_update():
middleware = CopilotKitMiddleware()
state = {
"messages": [HumanMessage("hi"), AIMessage(content="ok", id="ai-1")],
"copilotkit": {},
}
runtime = MagicMock(name="runtime")
assert middleware.after_agent(state, runtime) is None
def test_after_agent_restores_intercepted_tool_calls_on_original_message():
middleware = CopilotKitMiddleware()
intercepted = [{"id": "2", "name": "navigate", "args": {"path": "/x"}}]
state = {
"messages": [
HumanMessage("hi"),
AIMessage(content="", id="ai-1"),
],
"copilotkit": {
"intercepted_tool_calls": intercepted,
"original_ai_message_id": "ai-1",
},
}
runtime = MagicMock(name="runtime")
result = middleware.after_agent(state, runtime)
assert result is not None
restored_ai = next(
m for m in result["messages"] if isinstance(m, AIMessage) and m.id == "ai-1"
)
assert [tc["name"] for tc in restored_ai.tool_calls] == ["navigate"]
assert result["copilotkit"]["intercepted_tool_calls"] is None
assert result["copilotkit"]["original_ai_message_id"] is None
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Bedrock checkpoint normalizer — message-list contract
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
def test_bedrock_fix_strips_unanswered_tool_calls_from_ai_message():
ai = AIMessage(
content="",
tool_calls=[
{"id": "answered", "name": "search", "args": {}},
{"id": "orphan", "name": "search", "args": {}},
],
id="ai-1",
)
answered = ToolMessage(content="result", tool_call_id="answered")
messages: list[Any] = [HumanMessage("hi"), ai, answered]
CopilotKitMiddleware._fix_messages_for_bedrock(messages)
repaired_ai = next(m for m in messages if isinstance(m, AIMessage))
assert [tc["id"] for tc in repaired_ai.tool_calls] == ["answered"]
def test_bedrock_fix_dedupes_tool_messages_with_shared_id():
"""Real result wins over an interrupted placeholder for the same id."""
ai = AIMessage(
content="",
tool_calls=[{"id": "tc-1", "name": "search", "args": {}}],
id="ai-1",
)
placeholder = ToolMessage(
content="Tool call 'search' with id 'tc-1' was interrupted before completion.",
tool_call_id="tc-1",
)
real = ToolMessage(content='{"hits": 3}', tool_call_id="tc-1")
messages: list[Any] = [HumanMessage("hi"), ai, placeholder, real]
CopilotKitMiddleware._fix_messages_for_bedrock(messages)
tool_messages = [m for m in messages if isinstance(m, ToolMessage)]
assert len(tool_messages) == 1
assert tool_messages[0].content == '{"hits": 3}'
def test_bedrock_fix_repairs_string_args_to_dicts():
# Construct cleanly, then corrupt the args to simulate what
# checkpoints sometimes produce (str instead of dict).
ai = AIMessage(
content="",
tool_calls=[{"id": "tc-1", "name": "search", "args": {}}],
id="ai-1",
)
ai.tool_calls[0]["args"] = '{"q": "hello"}'
answered = ToolMessage(content="ok", tool_call_id="tc-1")
messages: list[Any] = [HumanMessage("hi"), ai, answered]
CopilotKitMiddleware._fix_messages_for_bedrock(messages)
repaired = next(m for m in messages if isinstance(m, AIMessage))
assert repaired.tool_calls[0]["args"] == {"q": "hello"}